Search results for " Referees"
showing 4 items of 4 documents
Toppdommerrollen i fotball : sammenhengen mellom angst og mental tøffhet og toppdommeres subjektive opplevelse av press i norsk fotball
2016
Masteroppgave i idrettsvitenskap - Universitetet i Agder 2016 Mental toughness, anxiety and pressure are well-used terms within sports, even though it can be difficult to understand the meaning of them. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between anxiety (cognitive- and somatic anxiety and self-confidence) and mental toughness, and top-class referees’ subjective experience on pressure as a soccer official. 183 top-class referees answered an online questionnaire. Mental toughness was measured by using the SMTQ and anxiety by using the CSAI-2. Of all the referees included in this study, 97.2% had been active footballers themselves, 44.3% had played on a high level. There…
Developing a career promotion model for Romanian football referees
2010
Football refereeing has become more demanding in terms of physical and mental preparation. Elite football referees are seen as athletes nowadays and the latest changes have brought major challenges in terms of job and occupation. The officials have changed their perspectives regarding their sport involvement due to the national football associations which have decided to have a certain number of professional referees. Therefore, top level football referees have taken the path towards professionalization. The aim of the study was to develop a career model for the football referees. The model was created through the career development theories and studies. Super’s career development theory (1…
When Competition Is Pushed Too Hard. An Agent-Based Model Of Strategic Behaviour Of Referees In Peer Review
2013
This paper examines the impact of strategic behaviour of referees on the quality and efficiency of peer review. We modelled peer review as a process based on knowledge asymmetry and subject to evaluation bias. We built two simulation scenarios to investigate largescale implications of referee behaviour and judgment bias. The first one was inspired by “the luck of the reviewer draw” idea. In this case, we assumed that referees randomly fell into Type I and Type II errors, i.e., recommending submissions of low quality to be published or recommending against the publishing of submissions which should have been published. In the second scenario, we assumed that certain referees tried intentiona…
Reasons for officiating soccer : the role of passion-based motivations among Norwegian elite and non-elite referees
2015
Les raisons de l’arbitrage en football : Le role des motivations basees sur la passion parmi les arbitres elite et non-elite norvegiensCette etude examine les raisons de l’investissement des arbitres de football elite et non-elite norvegiens. Quatre-vingt-trois arbitres elite et 44 non-elite ont complete un questionnaire en ligne (SurveyXact) interrogeant leurs trois principales raisons d’exercer la fonction d’arbitre de football. Les donnees ont ete obtenues par epoche, intuition et description de leurs differentes raisons. Trois principales categories descriptives emergent (pourcentage elite/non-elite) : les motivations liees a la passion (57/25 %), les motivations sociales (25/25 %) et l…